Study summary
As we get older, our immune system becomes less effective. This means older adults are more likely to catch infections such as flu, and vaccines may not work as well as they do in younger people. This happens because the immune system becomes slower to respond to new infections and develops a background level of ongoing inflammation, which can interfere with how well vaccines stimulate protection.
Researchers are looking for safe and practical ways to improve how well vaccines work in older adults. This study builds on recent work in Cambridge using a well-established medication called sodium valproate, which has been used for many years to treat conditions such as epilepsy.
In early studies, including research in animals and younger adults, taking a low dose of valproate around the time of vaccination appeared to improve the immune response. It increased important immune cells that help fight viral infections and improved antibody levels in the blood. These responses are key to preventing infection or reducing how severe it becomes.
In this study, we will test whether the same approach can improve vaccine responses in older adults. Participants will take a short course of low-dose valproate when they receive their seasonal influenza and coronavirus vaccines. We will then assess how well their immune system responds by analysing blood samples, as well as nasal samples, which help us understand immunity at the site where infections first enter the body.
An important part of the study is to ensure that this approach is safe and well tolerated, particularly in older individuals who may be more sensitive to medications.
If successful, this strategy could provide a simple and widely applicable way to improve vaccine effectiveness in older adults, helping to reduce infections, prevent complications, and support healthier ageing.